In the turtle the kidney resembles the same
organ in the ox; that is to say, it looks one single organ composed of
a number of small ones. (The bison also resembles the ox in all its
internal parts).
17
With all animals that are furnished with these parts, the parts
are similarly situated, and with the exception of man, the heart is in
the middle; in man, however, as has been observed, the heart is placed
a little to the left-hand side. In all animals the pointed end of
the heart turns frontwards; only in fish it would at first sight
seem otherwise, for the pointed end is turned not towards the
breast, but towards the head and the mouth. And (in fish) the apex
is attached to a tube just where the right and left gills meet
together. There are other ducts extending from the heart to each of
the gills, greater in the greater fish, lesser in the lesser; but in
the large fishes the duct at the pointed end of the heart is a tube,
white-coloured and exceedingly thick. Fishes in some few cases have an
oesophagus, as the conger and the eel; and in these the organ is
small.
In fishes that are furnished with an undivided liver, the organ
lies entirely on the right side; where the liver is cloven from the
root, the larger half of the organ is on the right side: for in some
fishes the two parts are detached from one another, without any
coalescence at the root, as is the case with the dogfish.
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