His works, including scientific papers, number over
one thousand titles. Carlile Pollock Patterson (1816-81) did much to
develop the United States Coast Survey. William Paterson Turnbull
(1830-71), ornithologist, author of the "Birds of East Pennsylvania
and New Jersey," a model of patient and accurate research, was born at
Fala, near Edinburgh. Edward Duncan Montgomery, biologist and
philosopher, was born in Edinburgh in 1835. Marshall MacDonald
(1835-95), ichthyologist, pisciculturist, and inventor, engineer in
charge of the siege of Vicksburg during the Civil War, and inventor of
automatic hatching jars, was the grandson of a Scottish immigrant.
Peter Smith Michie (1839-1901), soldier and scientist, born in
Brechin, Forfarshire, graduated from West Point in 1863, served as
Engineer in the Federal Army, and was afterwards Professor of Natural
and Experimental Philosophy at West Point. William Healey Dall (b.
1845), palaeontologist to the United States Geological Survey, author
of "Alaska and Its Resources," and author of hundreds of articles on
Natural History subjects, was a grandson of William Dall of
Forfarshire. Thomas Harrison Montgomery (1873-1912), specialist in
zoology and embryology, was of Scottish origin. Robert Gibson Eccles,
physician and chemist, born in Kilmaurs, Ayrshire, in 1848, discovered
that benzoic acid and the benzoates are excellent preservatives of
food. He has been Chemist of the Department of Indian Affairs,
Professor of Chemistry in the New York School of Social Economics,
President of the New York Pharmaceutical Association, etc.
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