Turret and barbette armor may
be considered as deflective armor. The term inclined armor denotes
deflective armor that is inclined to the vertical. The kinds of armor
that are in use may be designated as rolled iron, chilled cast iron,
compound, forged and tempered steel, and nickel steel. Iron armor
consists of wrought iron plates, rolled or forged, and of cast iron or
chilled cast iron, as in the Gruson armor. Compound armor consists of
a forged combination of a steel plate and an iron plate. Steel armor
consists of wrought steel plates. Nickel-steel armor consists of
plates made from an alloy of nickel and steel.
I have spoken above of laminated armor. To secure the full benefit of
this kind, the plates must be neatly fitted to each other; the
surfaces must make close contact. This requires accurate machining,
and hence is expensive. To overcome this point sandwiched armor was
suggested. This consists in placing a layer of wood between the
laminations, as shown in Fig. 2. It was found that laminated and
sandwiched armor gave very much less resisting power than solid rolled
plates of the same thickness. Wrought iron armor is made under the
hammer or under the rolls, in the ordinary manner of making plates,
and has been exhaustively studied and experimented with--more so than
any other form of armor.
[Illustration: Fig.
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